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| Home page | TAH partonomy |
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organa sensoria  Short Extended
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| Level 2 |
organum visuale (par) Short Extended
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| Current level |
tunica interna globi oculi (par) Short
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Partonomy list
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| FMA | TA | UID | ISA |
Short official Latin term
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Short English equivalent
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| 58301 |
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6949 | tax |
tunica interna globi oculi (par)
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internal layer of eyeball (pair)
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| 58301 |
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6950 | tax |
retina (par)
P4 29 children
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retina (pair)
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| 58603 |
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6951 | tax |
pars caeca retinae (par)
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nonvisual retina (pair)
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| 58610 |
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6952 | tax |
pars ciliaris retinae (par)
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ciliary part of retina (pair)
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| 58611 |
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6953 | tax |
pars iridica retinae (par)
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iridial part of retina (pair)
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7649 | tax |
limbus posterior retinae (par)
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posterior border of retina (pair)
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7650 | tax |
epithelium simplex cuboideum pigmentosum limbi posterioris retinae (par)
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pigmented cuboid simple epithelium of posterior border of retina (pair)
 ; simple cuboidal pigmented epithelium of iridial part of retina (pair)
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7651↓ | tax |
membrana basalis superficialis limbi posterioris retinae (par)
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superficial basement membrane of posterior border of retina (pair)
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7652 | tax |
pigmentocyti retinae (par)
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pigmentocytes of retina (pair)
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| 58600 |
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6954 | tax |
ora serrata (par)
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ora serrata (pair)
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| 58604 |
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6955 | tax |
pars optica retinae (par)
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optic part of retina (pair)
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| 58617 |
|
7645 | tax |
strata retinae (par)
P4 59 children
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retinal layers (pair)
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| 58627 |
|
6956 | tax |
stratum pigmentosum retinae (par)
|
pigmented layer of retina (pair)
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6957 | tax |
strata nervosa retinae (par)
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nervous layers of retina (pair)
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| 58680 |
|
6958 |
stratum segmentorum externorum internorum retinae (par)
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layer of inner outer segments of retina (pair); layer of rods and cones of retina (pair)
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| 58683 |
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6959 | tax |
stratum limitans externum retinae (par)
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outer limiting layer of retina (pair); external limiting layer of retina (pair)
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| 58684 |
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6960 | tax |
stratum nucleare externum retinae (par)
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outer nuclear layer of retina (pair); external nuclear layer of retina (pair)
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| 58685 |
|
6961 | tax |
stratum plexiforme externum retinae (par)
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outer plexiform layer of retina (pair); external plexiform layer of retina (pair)
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| 58686 |
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6962 | tax |
stratum nucleare internum retinae (par)
|
inner nuclear layer of retina (pair); internal nuclear layer of retina (pair)
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| 58704 |
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6963 | tax |
stratum plexiforme internum retinae (par)
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inner plexiform layer of retina (pair); internal plexiform layer of retina (pair)
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| 58687 |
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6964 | tax |
stratum ganglionicum retinae (par)
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ganglionic layer of retina (pair)
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| 58688 |
|
6965 | tax |
stratum neurofibrarum retinae (par)
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layer of nerve fibres of retina (pair) ▲
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| 58689 |
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6966 | tax |
stratum limitans internum retinae (par)
|
inner limiting layer of retina (pair); internal limiting layer of retina (pair)
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| 58603 |
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6967 | tax |
discus nervi optici (par); papilla nervi optici (par)
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optic disc (pair)
; papilla of optic nerve (pair)
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|
| 77664 |
|
6968↓ | tax |
excavatio disci nervi optici (par)
|
optic disc excavation (pair); excavation of optic nerve head (pair)
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| 58637 |
|
6969 | tax |
macula lutea (par)
|
macula lutea (pair)
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| 58658 |
|
6970 | tax |
fovea centralis (par)
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central fovea (pair)
; fovea centralis (pair)
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| 58677 |
|
6971 | tax |
foveola (par)
|
foveola (pair)
; foveal pit (pair)
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|
7646 | tax |
stratum pigmentosum foveae centralis (par)
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pigmented layer of central fovea of retina (pair)
; pigmented layer of fovea centralis (pair)
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7647 | tax |
stratum nervosum foveae centralis (par)
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nervous layer of central fovea of retina (pair)
; nervous layer of fovea centralis (pair)
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7648 | tax |
stratum conorum foveae centralis (par)
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layer of cones of central fovea of retina (pair)
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| 62086 |
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7644↓ | tax |
neura retinalia (par)
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retinal neurons (pair)
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7653 | tax |
neura sensoria retinalia (par)
P4 20 children
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retinal sensory neurons (pair)
; photoreceptor cells (pair)
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| 67747 |
|
7690 | tax |
neura bacillifera (par)
; bacilla retinae (par)
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rod cells (pair); rods (pair)
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7690 |
# neuron bacilliferum
; bacillum retinae
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# rod cell; rod
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| 62135 |
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7692 | tax |
segmentum externum neuri bacilliferi
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external segment of rod cell
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|
7693 |
disci membranacei neuri bacilliferi
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membranous discs of rod cell
▲
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| 62224 |
|
7694 | tax |
ponticulus conjunctivus neuri bacilliferi
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connecting stalk of rod cell
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| 67828 |
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7695 | tax |
cilium connectens neuri bacilliferi
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connecting cilium of rod cell
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|
7708 |
spatium intersegmentale neuri bacilliferi
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intersegmental space of rod cell
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| 67789 |
|
7709 | tax |
segmentum internum neuri bacilliferi
|
internal segment of rod cell
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| 62230 |
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7698 | tax |
zona ellipsoidea neuri bacilliferi
; ellipsoideum neuri bacilliferi
|
ellipsoid zone of rod cell
; ellipsoid of rod cell
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| 62231 |
|
7699 | tax |
zona myoidea neuri bacilliferi
; myoideum neuri bacilliferi
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myoid zone of rod cell
; myoid of rod cell
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| 62226 |
|
7700 | tax |
fibra externa neuri bacilliferi
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outer rod cell fibre ▲
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| 62234 |
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7701 | tax |
soma neuri bacilliferi
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soma of rod cell
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7702 |
processus axonicus neuri bacilliferi
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axonal process of rod cell
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| 62240 |
|
7703 | tax |
fibra interna neuri bacilliferi
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inner rod cell fibre ▲
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| 62241 |
|
7704 | tax |
spherula neuri bacilliferi
|
rod cell spherule
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|
7706 |
synapsis invaginans neuri bacilliferi
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invaginated synapse of rod cell
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| 67748 |
|
7707 | tax |
neura conifera (par)
; coni retinae (par)
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cone cells (pair); cones (pair)
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|
7707 |
# neuron coniferum
; conus retinae
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# cone cell; cone
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| 62157 |
|
7710 | tax |
segmentum externum neuri coniferi
|
outer segment of cone cell
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|
7712 |
disci membranacei neuri coniferi
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membranous discs of cone cell
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| 62225 |
|
7715 | tax |
ponticulus conjunctivus neuri coniferi
|
conjunctive stalk of cone cell
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| 62204 |
|
7717 | tax |
cilium connectens neuri coniferi
|
connecting cilium of cone cell
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|
|
|
7718 |
spatium intersegmentale neuri coniferi
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intersegmental space of cone cell
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| 62213 |
|
7720 | tax |
segmentum internum neuri coniferi
|
inner segment of cone cell
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|
| 62232 |
|
7721 | tax |
zona ellipsoidea neuri coniferi
; ellipsoideum neuri coniferi
|
ellipsoid zone of cone cell
; ellipsoid of cone cell
|
|
| 62233 |
|
7722 | tax |
zona myoidea neuri coniferi
; myoideum neuri coniferi
|
myoid zone of cone cell
; myoid of cone cell
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|
| 62227 |
|
7723 | tax |
fibra externa neuri coniferi
|
outer cone cell fibre ▲
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|
| 62235 |
|
7724 | tax |
soma neuri coniferi
|
soma of cone cell
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|
7726 |
processus axonicus neuri coniferi
|
axonal process of cone cell
|
|||
| 62239 |
|
7727 | tax |
fibra interna neuri coniferi
|
inner cone cell fibre ▲
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| 62242 |
|
7728 | tax |
pes terminalis neuri coniferi
|
cone cell pedicle
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|
7729 |
synapsis invaginans neuri coniferi
|
invaginated synapse of cone cell
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|
7731 | tax |
coni typi rubri (par); coni typi L (par)
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L-type cones (pair); long-wavelength cones (pair); red cones (pair)
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|
7733 | tax |
coni typi viridis (par); coni typi (par)
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M-type cones (pair); medium-wavelength cones (pair); green cones (pair)
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|
7734 | tax |
coni typi caerulei (par); coni typi S (par)
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S-type cones (pair); short-wavelength cones (pair); blue cones (pair)
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|
13042 | tax |
coni foveae centralis retinae (par)
|
cones of central fovea of retina (pair)
|
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| 67749 |
|
7654 | tax |
neura bipolaria retinae (par)
P4 29 children
|
bipolar neurons of retina (pair)
; bipolar cells (pair)
|
|
| 67750 |
|
7659 | tax |
neura bipolaria bacillobipolaria (par)
|
rod bipolar neurons (pair); rod bipolar cells (pair)
|
|
| 62092 |
|
7660↓ | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica (par)
|
cone bipolar neurons (pair); cone bipolar cells (pair)
|
|
| 62093 |
|
7661 | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria nana (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica nana (par)
|
midget cone bipolar neurons (pair); midget cone bipolar cells (pair)
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|
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|
7662 | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria nana plana (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica nana plana (par)
|
flat midget cone bipolar neurons (pair); flat midget cone bipolar cells (pair)
|
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|
|
7663 | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria nana invaginantia (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica nana invaginans (par)
|
invaginating midget cone bipolar neurons (pair); invaginating midget cone bipolar cells (pair)
|
||
| 62094 |
|
7664 | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria nana caerulea (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica nana caerulea (par)
|
blue cone bipolar neurons (pair); blue cone bipolar cells (pair)
|
|
| 62095 |
|
7665 | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria diffusa (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica diffusa (par)
|
diffuse cone bipolar neurons (pair); diffuse cone bipolar cells (pair)
|
|
|
|
7666 | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria bistratificata gigantea (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica bistratificata gigantea (par)
|
giant bistratified cone bipolar neurons (pair); giant bistratified cone bipolar cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7667 | tax |
neura bipolaria coniferobipolaria diffusa nongigantea (par)
; neura bipolaria conotopica diffusa nongigantea (par)
|
nongiant diffuse cone bipolar neurons (pair); nongiant diffuse cone bipolar cells (pair)
|
||
| 67765 |
|
7655↓ | tax |
neura ganglionaria retinalia (par)
P4 11 children
|
retinal ganglion neurons (pair); retinal ganglion cells (pair)
|
|
|
|
7668 | tax |
neura ganglionaria umbelliformia magna (par)
|
large parasol type ganglion neurons (pair); large parasol type ganglion cells (pair); M type ganglion cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7669↓ | tax |
neura ganglionaria umbelliformia parva (par)
|
small parasol type ganglion neurons (pair); small parasol type ganglion cells (pair); P2 type ganglion cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7670 | tax |
neura ganglionaria nana (par)
|
midget ganglion neurons (pair); midget ganglion cells (pair); P1 type ganglion cells (pair)
|
||
| 67764 |
|
7656 | tax |
neura horizontalia (par)
P4 8 children
|
horizontal neurons (pair)
; horizontal cells (pair)
|
|
| 67913 |
|
7735 | tax |
neura horizontalia typi I (par)
|
horizontal neurons of I type (pair)
|
|
| 67914 |
|
7736 | tax |
neura horizontalia typi II (par)
|
horizontal neurons of II type (pair)
|
|
| 67766 |
|
7657↓ | tax |
neura amacrina (par)
P4 47 children
|
amacrine neurons (pair)
; amacrine cells (pair)
|
|
| 67767 |
|
7671 | tax |
neura amacrina diffusa (par)
|
diffuse amacrine neurons (pair)
; diffuse amacrine cells (pair)
|
|
| 62110 |
|
7672 | tax |
neura amacrina stratificata (par)
|
stratified amacrine neurons (pair)
; stratified amacrine cells (pair)
|
|
|
|
7673 | tax |
neura amacrina bacilloamacrina (par)
|
rod-related amacrine neurons (pair); rod-related amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7674↓ | tax |
neura amacrina bistratificata campi angusti; neura amacrina AII (par)
|
A2 narrow-field bistratified amacrine neurons (pair); A2 narrow-field bistratified amacrine cells (pair)
|
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|
|
7675↓ | tax |
neura amacrina mutuum campi lati; neura amacrina A17 (par)
|
A17 wide-field reciprocal amacrine neurons (pair); A17 wide-field reciprocal amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7676 | tax |
neura amacrina dopaminergica (par)
; neura amacrina A18 (par)
|
A18 dopaminergic amacrine neurons (pair); A18 dopaminergic amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7677 | tax |
neura amacrina coniferoamacrina (par)
|
cone-related amacrine neurons (pair); cone-related amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7678 | tax |
neura amacrina campi angusti viae coniferotopicae angustae; neura amacrina A2 (par)
|
A2 narrow-field cone pathway amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7679 | tax |
neura amacrina bistratificata viae coniferotopicae; neura amacrina A8 (par)
|
A8 bistratified cone pathway amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7680 | tax |
neura amacrina campi parvi; neura amacrina A13 (par)
|
A13 small-field amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7681 | tax |
neura amacrina de-in; neura amacrina A19 (par)
|
A19 OFF-ON amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7682 | tax |
neuron amacrinum in-de; neura amacrina A20 (par)
|
A20 ON-OFF amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
|
|
7683 | tax |
neuron amacrinum campi lati substantiae P; neura amacrina A22 (par)
|
A22 substance P-containing large field amacrine cells (pair)
|
||
| 62363 |
|
7684 | tax |
neura amacrina cholinergica (par)
|
acetylcholine-containing starburst amacrine cells (pair)
|
|
|
|
7685 | tax |
neura interplexiformia (par)
|
interplexiform neurons (pair)
|
||
| 62111 |
|
7658 | tax |
gliocyti retinae (par)
P4 8 children
|
retinal glial cells (pair); gliocytes of retina (pair)
|
|
| 54558 |
|
7686 | tax |
gliocyti radiales retinae (par)
|
radial gliocytes of retina (pair)
; radial glial cells of retina (pair)
|
|
|
|
7686 |
# gliocytus radialis retinae
|
# radial gliocyte of retina
; radial glial cell of retina
|
|||
|
|
7687 |
processus radialis
|
radial process
|
|||
| 54543 |
|
7689 | tax |
astrocyti protoplasmatici (par)
|
protoplasmatic astrocytes (pair)
|
|
| 50863 |
|
6372 | tax |
nervus opticus
; nervus cranialis II 
|
optic nerve
; cranial nerve II ; cranial nerve 2
|
|
|
|
6983 | tax |
vasa sanguinea retinae (par)
P4 18 children
|
bloody vessels of retina (pair)
|
||
| 49879 |
|
3921 | tax |
arteria centralis retinae
|
central retinal artery
|
|
| 49912 |
|
6985 | tax |
arteriola retinalis temporalis superior
|
superior temporal retinal arteriole
|
|
| 49917 |
|
6986 | tax |
arteriola retinalis temporalis inferior
|
inferior temporal retinal arteriole
|
|
| 49909 |
|
6987 | tax |
arteriola retinalis nasalis superior
|
superior nasal retinal arteriole
|
|
| 49915 |
|
6988 | tax |
arteriola retinalis nasalis inferior
|
inferior nasal retinal arteriole
|
|
| 51904 |
|
6989 | tax |
arteriola macularis superior
|
superior macular arteriole
|
|
| 51905 |
|
6990 | tax |
arteriola macularis inferior
|
inferior macular arteriole
|
|
| 51906 |
|
6991 | tax |
arteriola macularis media
|
middle macular arteriole
|
|
| 51799 |
|
4659 | tax |
vena centralis retinae
|
central retinal vein
|
|
| 51913 |
|
6992 | tax |
venula retinalis temporalis superior
|
superior temporal retinal venule
|
|
| 51914 |
|
6993 | tax |
venula retinalis temporalis inferior
|
inferior temporal retinal venule
|
|
| 51916 |
|
6994 | tax |
venula retinalis nasalis superior
|
superior nasal retinal venule
|
|
| 51915 |
|
6995 | tax |
venula retinalis nasalis inferior
|
inferior nasal retinal venule
|
|
| 51917 |
|
6996 | tax |
venula macularis superior
|
superior macular venule
|
|
| 51918 |
|
6997 | tax |
venula macularis inferior
|
inferior macular venule
|
|
| 51919 |
|
6998 | tax |
venula macularis media
|
middle macular venule
|
|
|
|
125 lines
|
|
||||
|
|
55.2 %
|
38.4 %
|
||||
|
|
32 partial items
|
|
||||
|
|
245 entities
|
|
|
Scientific notes
|
| UID |
Libelle of note
|
| 6968 |
The incorrect English terms (Depression of optic disc and Physiological cup) are replaced by: Optic disc excavation and Excavation of optic nerve head.
|
| 7644 |
Heading Neura retinalia added, from TH; based on Kolb H, Linberg KA, Fisher SK 1992. Neurons of the human retina: A Golgi study. J Comp Neurol 318:147-187, and more recent studies (Website Kolb H et al. The Organization of the Retina and Visual System; http://webvision.med.utah.edu).
|
| 7651 |
(from TH): The term Membrana basalis superficialis limbi posterioris was added, for developmental reasons, the epithelium of the posterior border does not have the usual basement membrane on its side facing the stroma, but superficially on the side facing the lens.
|
| 7655 |
TH term 'multipolare' replaced by 'retinale' for consistency. There are at least 18 different morphological types of ganglion cells in the human retina, numbered from G1-G23 after Golgi studies (G = Golgi type) by Kolb et al. (1981 Vision Res 21:1081-1114) in cats. Special names have been given to the Midget and Parasol ganglion cells, projecting to the Parvocellular and Magnocellular layers of CGL.
|
| 7657 |
Masland RH (2001 The fundamental plan of the retina. Nat Rev Neurosci 4:877-886) counted at least 29 types of Amacrine cells, most of them are glycinergic (Neuron amacrinum glycinergicum) or GABAergic (Neuron amacrinum GABAergicum).
|
| 7660 |
A physiological subdivision of Cone bipolar cells includes ON-cone bipolar cells and OFF-cone bipolar cells, each with three to five disctinct types (Masland RH 2001. The fundamental plan of the retina. Nat Rev Neurosci 4:877-886).
|
| 7669 |
More recently, these ganglion cells became known as Small and Large bistratified ganglion cells, giving rise to the Koniocellular pathway to the CGL (Dacey DM 2000 Parallel pathways for spectral coding in primate retina. Annu Rev Neurosci 23:743-775; Nassi JJ, Callaway EM 2009 Parallel processing strategies of the primate visual system. Nat Rev Neurosci 10:360-372).
|
| 7674 |
TH's A11 corrected to AII (Roman numeral!). 'Aperturae angustae' corrected to 'campi angusti' as for the other amacrine cells. The Latin term has been divided into two. The Amacrine cell AI (Kolb and Famiglietti 1974 Science 186:47-49) was later renamed as A17. The term AII remained.
|
| 7675 |
See note # 7674
|
|
Signature
|
| Type of list | P3F |
| List Unit Identifier | 6949 |
| Sublist 1 | 6950 retina 29/10 on 4.4.2018 |
| Sublist 2 | 6983 vas sanguineum retinae 18/17 on 28.7.2024 |
| Sublist 3 | 7645 stratum retinae 59/20 on 4.4.2018 |
| Sublist 4 | 7653 neuron sensorium retinale 20/7 on 28.7.2024 |
| Sublist 5 | 7654 neuron bipolare 29/10 on 5.2.2018 |
| Sublist 6 | 7655 neuron ganglionare retinale 11/4 on 4.4.2018 |
| Sublist 7 | 7656 neuron horizontale 8/3 on 8.4.2018 |
| Sublist 8 | 7657 neuron amacrinum 47/16 on 4.4.2018 |
| Sublist 9 | 7658 gliocytus retinae 8/3 on 5.2.2018 |
| Subtotals | subchildren 229 subunits 90 |
| Proper children | 15 |
| Number of children | 244 (validated) |
| Proper units | 3 |
| Number of units | 93 (validated) |
| Signature | 3982 (validated since 28.7.2024) |
| Date: 13.10.2024 |